Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab diare yang umum terjadi
di masyarakat. Penggunaan antibiotik seperti ciprofloxacin dapat menyebabkan
resistensi jika digunakan dalam jangka panjang, sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif dari
bahan alam. Daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava
L.) mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, tanin, saponin, alkaloid, dan fenol
yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun pepaya dan daun jambu biji
secara tunggal maupun kombinasi terhadap E. coli secara in vitro, serta menentukan
konsentrasi dan perbandingan yang paling efektif. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui
metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian diuji menggunakan
metode difusi cakram. Konsentrasi yang digunakan adalah 12,5%, 25%, dan 50%,
dengan rasio kombinasi 1:1, 1:3, dan 3:1. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semua ekstrak
memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli. Ekstrak tunggal daun pepaya pada
konsentrasi 50% menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 10,766 mm. Kombinasi
ekstrak dengan rasio 3:1 pada konsentrasi 50% memberikan hasil terbaik, yaitu
zona hambat sebesar 10,683 mm. Ciprofloxacin sebagai kontrol positif
menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 24,458 mm. Aktivitas meningkat seiring
konsentrasi, menunjukkan sifat konsentrasi-dependen. Hasil penelitian yang telah
dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.)
dan daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L.), baik secara tunggal maupun kombinasi,
memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli is one of the common bacterial causes of diarrhea in the
community. The use of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin can lead to resistance if
used long-term, making it necessary to explore natural alternatives. Papaya leaves
(Carica papaya L.) and guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) contain active
compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and phenols, which
are known to have antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the
antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of papaya and guava leaves, both
individually and in combination, against E. coli in vitro, as well as to determine the
most effective concentration and ratio. The extracts were obtained through
maceration using 96% ethanol, and antibacterial testing was carried out using the
disc diffusion method. The concentrations used were 12.5%, 25%, and 50%, with
combination ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. Results showed that all extracts exhibited
antibacterial activity against E. coli. A single extract of papaya leaves at 50%
concentration produced an inhibition zone of 10.766 mm. The best result for the
combination extract was achieved with a 3:1 ratio at 50% concentration, yielding
an inhibition zone of 10.683 mm. Ciprofloxacin, used as a positive control,
produced an inhibition zone of 24.458 mm. The antibacterial activity increased with
concentration, indicating a concentration-dependent effect. Based on the findings,
it can be concluded that the ethanolic extracts of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.)
and guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.), both individually and in combination,
possess antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.