Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

Karies pada balita berdampak pada kesehatan lokal hingga sistemik yang
memengaruhi status gizi. WHO memperkirakan karies anak 60-90%, data
nasional 65,5%, Sumatera Barat 48,2% dan kota Padang 36,71%. Penelitian di
Puskesmas Air Tawar Kota Padang menganalisis hubungan perilaku orang tua
(pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan) dalam penerapan pola makan terhadap kejadian
karies, berdasarkan status gizi balita.
Penelitian metode mixed methods desain cross-sectional. Data kuantitatif
melalui kuesioner, kualitatif melalui wawancara, sampel simple random sampling:
96 orang dilakukan bulan September 2025. Variabel kuantitatif: pengetahuan,
sikap, tindakan orang tua terhadap karies. Analisis univariat, bivariat, multivariat,
dan triangulasi data untuk kualitatif.
Hasil univariat: balita bermasalah gizi dan karies (54,2%), ibu
pengetahuan baik (56,3%), sikap baik (61,5%), tindakan kurang (46,9%). Bivariat
melalui chi-square; variabel berhubungan status gizi dengan kejadian karies (p
value=0,01). Pada semua balita, variabel berhubungan pengetahuan dengan karies
(p-value=0,018), variabel sikap dan tindakan tidak. Multivariat melalui regresi
logistik; secara bersama-sama variabel pengetahuan dan sikap berpengaruh
tehadap karies, yang paling berpengaruh pengetahuan OR 3,007. Pada balita
dengan status gizi normal; pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan tidak berhubungan
dengan karies. Pada balita dengan masalah gizi; sikap ibu berhubungan dengan
karies (p-value=0,024), pengetahuan dan tindakan tidak. Multivariat: secara
bersama-sama variabel pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan berpengaruh tehadap
karies, variabel sikap paling berpengaruh OR 8,381. Analisis kualitatif: perilaku
pemberian makan dipengaruhi faktor multi dimensional, termasuk pola asuh,
hambatan ekonomi, dan inkonsistensi praktik.
Disimpulkan status gizi memengaruhi dampak perilaku orang tua terhadap
karies. Saran, diperlukan integrasi program gizi dan kesehatan gigi, didukung
kebijakan agar tercapai output kesehatan balita optimal, kesehatan gigi baik.

Dental caries in toddlers have local to systemic health impacts that affect
nutritionalstatus. The WHO estimates child caries at 60-90%, national data at 65.5%,
West Sumatra at 48.2%, and Padang city at 36.71%. A study at the Air Tawar
Community Health Center in Padang City analyzed the relationship between parental
behavior (knowledge, attitudes, actions) in implementing feeding patterns on the
incidence of caries, based on the nutritional status of toddlers.
The research used a mixed methods, cross-sectional design. Quantitative data
was collected through questionnaires, qualitative data through interviews, using simple
random sampling of 96 people conducted in September 2025. Quantitative variables
included parental knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding caries. Analysis involved
univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods, with data triangulation for the qualitative
aspect.
Univariate results: toddlers with nutritional problems and caries (54.2%),
mothers with good knowledge (56.3%), good attitudes (61.5%), and poor actions
(46.9%). Bivariate analysis using chi-square showed a relationship between nutritional
status and the incidence of caries (p-value=0.01). Among all toddlers, the variable
knowledge was related to caries (p-value=0.018), while attitude and action variables
were not. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that knowledge and
attitudessimultaneously influenced caries, with knowledge being the most influential
(OR 3.007). In toddlers with normal nutritional status, knowledge, attitudes, and actions
were not associated with caries. In toddlers with nutritional problems, maternal attitudes
were related to caries (p-value=0.024), while knowledge and actions were not.
Multivariate analysis showed that knowledge, attitudes, and actions simultaneously
influenced caries, with attitude being the most influential variable (OR 8.381).
Qualitative analysis indicated that feeding behavior is influenced by multidimensional
factors, including parenting style, economic constraints, and inconsistencies in practice.
It is concluded that nutritional status influences the impact of parental behavior
on caries. The suggestion is that integration of nutrition and dental health programs is
needed, supported by policies to achieve optimal toddler health outcomes and good
dental health.