Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

ISPA adalah penyakit infeksi pada saluran pernafasan atas maupun bawah
yang di sebabkan oleh masuknya kuman mikroorganisme (bakteri dan virus) ke
dalam organ saluran pernafasan yang berlangsung selama 14 hari. Angka kejadian
ISPA di RSUD Lubuk Basung mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2022 sebanyak
210 kasus, tahun 2023 sebanyak 381 dan tahun 2024 sebanyak 448 kasus.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab kejadian ISPA pada
balita di Poliklinik RSUD Lubuk Basung Tahun 2024. Jenis penelitian yang
digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain Cross Sectional Study. Populasi
adalah semua orang tua balita yang melakukan kunjungan ke poliklinik RSUD
Lubuk Basung sebanyak 448. Teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling
dan diolah dan secara komputerisasi. Hasil analias univariat didapatkan 70%
berusia > 24 bulan, 50% laki-laki, 91% status gizi normal, 81% BBL normal, 77%
riwayat imunisasi lengkap, 78% diberikan Vitamin A, 63% hunian padat, 73%
terpapar asap rokok, 72% mengalami ISPA. Hasil analisa bivariat didapatkan
terdapat hubungan riwayat imunisasi (p 0,037 dan OR 5,353), pemberian Vitamin
A (p 0,012 dan OR 11,118), kepadatan hunian (p 0,013 dan OR 3,462) dan
paparan asap rokok (p 0,013 dan OR 3,590) dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa riwayat imunisasi, pemberian Vitamin A, kepadatan
hunian dan paparan asap rokok memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kejadian ISPA
pada balita di Poliklinik RSUD Lubuk Basung Tahun 2024. Untuk itu disarankan
kepada petugas Poliklinik RSUD Lubuk Basung agar melakukan peningkatan
upaya pencegahan ISPA dengan cara meningkatkan pengetahuan pendidikan,
informasi dan kebersihan lingkungan..

ISPA is an infectious disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract
caused by the entry of microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) into the respiratory
tract organs that lasts for 14 days. The incidence of ISPA at Lubuk Basung
Hospital has increased from 210 cases in 2022, 381 in 2023 and 448 cases in
2024. This study aims to determine the factors causing the incidence of ISPA in
toddlers at the Lubuk Basung Hospital Polyclinic in 2024. The type of research
used is quantitative withCross Sectional Study design.The population isall parents
of toddlers who visit the Lubuk Basung Regional Hospital polyclinicas many as
448. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling and processed
andcomputerized. The results of the univariate analysis showed that 70% were >
24 months old, 50% were male, 91% had normal nutritional status, 81% had
normal BBL, 77% had a complete immunization history, 78% were given Vitamin
A, 63% lived in dense housing, 73% were exposed to cigarette smoke, 72% had
ARI. The results of the bivariate analysis showed thatthere was a relationship
between immunization history (p 0.037 and OR 5.353), Vitamin A administration
(p 0.012 and OR 11.118), residential density (p 0.013 and OR 3.462) and
exposure to cigarette smoke (p 0.013 and OR 3.590) withcauses of ISPA in
toddlers. It can be concluded that immunization history, administration of Vitamin
A, housing density and exposure to cigarette smokehave influencebigon the
incidence of ISPA in toddlers at the Lubuk Basung Regional Hospital Polyclinic
in 2024.For this reason, it is recommended to officersLubuk Basung Regional
Hospital Polyclinicto increase efforts to prevent ISPA by increasing knowledge,
education, information and environmental cleanliness.