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Pneumonia merupakan penyakit yang menyebabkan kematian pada balita di dunia. Survei kesehatan nasional menyebutkan bahwa jumlah kematian balita tertinggi disebabkan oleh pneumonia. Di negara berkembang pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada balita, serta menyebabkan dua juta kematian setiap tahunnya (Marni, 2014). Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Dilakukan pada tanggal 26 - 28 Maret 2021 di Rawat Inap Puskesmas Jujun Kabupaten Kerinci. Populasinya adalah seluruh ibu balita yang berusia 12-59 bulan. Jumlah mereka 2.696 balita. Dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling, dipilih 41 responden sebagai sampel. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengisian kuesioner dan wawancara. Kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian terhadap 41 responden yang sebagian besar terpapar asap rokok sebanyak 28 responden (68,3%), 24 responden (58,5%) tidak memenuhi persyaratan. 9 responden (22%) lahir prematur, dan yang mengidap dari tempat tinggal sebanyak 23 responden (56,1%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara paparan asap rokok dan penularan dari rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Puskesmas Jujun Kabupaten Kerinci tahun 2021. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara paparan asap rokok, penularan dari rumah dan tidak ada hubungan dengan bayi prematur dan rumah tidak sehat dengan kejadian pneumonia. Disarankan bagi keluarga untuk menghindari paparan asap rokok pada balita dan harus menjaga kebersihan rumah, tidak menutup ventilasi, membiasakan membuka jendela setiap hari dan sebisa mungkin mengurangi kepadatan hunian dalam satu ruangan dengan balita tertidur.

Pneumonia is a disease that causes death in children under five in the world. The national health survey says that the highest number of under-five deaths is due to pneumonia. In developing countries pneumonia is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five, and causes two million deaths each year (Marni, 2014). The type of this study was quantitative analytic with a cross sectional approach. It was conducted on March 26 - 28, 2021 at the inpatient Jujun Community Health Center, Kerinci Regency. The population was all mothers under five years of age 12-59 months. They were 2,696 toddlers. By using quota sampling technique, 41 respondents were chosen as the samples. The data were collected through filling out questionnaires and interviews. Then, it was analyzed by univariate and bivariate with chi square test.The results of the study of 41 respondents, most of whom were exposed to cigarette smoke were 28 respondents (68.3%), 24 respondents (58.5%) did not meet the equirements, 9 respondents (22%) were born prematurely, and those who contracted from residence, as many as 23 respondents (56.1%). The results of statistical tests showed a relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke and transmission from home with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five at Puskesmas
Jujun, Kerinci district in 2021.Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke, transmission from home and there is no relationship with premature babies and unhealthy homes with the incidence of pneumonia. It is recommended for
families to avoid exposure to cigarette smoke in toddlers and should keep the house clean, not close the ventilation, have the habit of opening windows every day and as much as possible reduce the density of occupancy in one room with sleeping toddlers.