Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) adalah penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas penyakit menular di dunia. Diantara faktor lingkungan penyebab penyakit adalah polutan udara. Kota Sawahlunto merupakan daerah tambang batu bara dengan suhu udara yang cukup panas. Polusi udara banyak terjadi di daerah ini disebabkan oleh cerobong asap PLTU dan kendaraan batu bara yang lalu lalang menditribusikan batu bara ke PLTU, sehingga debu yang berterbangan bersamaan dengan bakteri terhirup oleh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala ISPA. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian telah dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Talawi pada tanggal 1 9 Agustus 2018. Populasi adalah keluarga yang terdapat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Talawi, berjumlah 5.366 KK. Sampel berjumlah 98 KK, yang diambil secara proporsional sampling Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis univariat diketahui 66,3 % konsentrasi debu ambient tidak memenuhi syarat, 93,9 % jarak rumah yang memenuhi syarat, 87,8 % kondisi fisik rumah kurang baik, dan 86,7 % ada gejala ISPA. Hasil bivariat ada hubungan konsentrasi debu ambient (p = 0,009 dan OR = 5,719) dan kondisi fisik rumah (p = 0,009 dan OR = 6,964) dengan gejala ISPA, serta tidak ada hubungan jarak dengan gejala ISPA (p = 1,000). Disimpulkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala ISPA adalah konsentrasi debu ambien dan kondisi fisik rumah. Puskesmas diharapkan melakukan kerja sama lintas sektoral untuk memberikan teguran pada PLTU agar melakukan pembuangan limbah sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Masyarakat diharapkan agar dapat menjaga kondisi fisik rumah untuk mencegah terjadinya gejala ISPA.

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases in the world. Among the environmental factors that cause disease are air pollutants. Sawahlunto City is a coal mining area with a fairly hot air temperature. The air pollution in this area was caused by the PLTU chimney and the passing coal vehicles distributing coal to the PLTU, so that the dust that flew together with the bacteria was inhaled by the community so the people were affected by ARI. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with ARI symptoms. This type of descriptive analytic research with cross sectional design. Research has been carried out in the work area of Talawi Health Center in Sawahlunto City, at 1- 9 August 2018. The population is families located in the Talawi Health Center working area, totaling 5,366 households. Samples totaled 98 family, which were taken proportionally. The data were collected through observation and interviews, then processed and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of univariate analysis revealed that 66,3% of the ambient dust concentration did not meet the requirements, 93.9% of the house distance that fulfilled the requirements, 87.8% of the physical condition of the house was not good, and 86.7% had symptoms of ARI. Bivariate results showed a correlation between ambient dust concentration (p = 0.009 and OR = 5,719) and physical condition of the house (p = 0.009 and OR = 6.964) with symptoms of ARI, and there was no correlation between distance with symptoms of ARI (p = 1,000). It was concluded that the factors associated with the symptoms of ARI were ambient dust concentration and physical condition of the house. The Puskesmas is expected to carry out cross-sectoral cooperation to provide a warning to the PLTU to carry out waste disposal in accordance with the standards set. The community is expected to be able to maintain the physical condition of the house to prevent symptoms of ARI.