Uji Aktivitas Toksisitas Nanopartikel Perak Fraksi Daun Gambir (Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb.) Menggunakan Metode BSLT
- Penulis
- Nur Hidayah Widia Ningrum
- Pembimbing
- Ade Saputra
- Jenis repository
- Skripsi
- Tahun
- 2025
- Fakultas
- Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
- Program studi
- S1 Farmasi
- Metode penelitian
- —
- Jenis metode
- —
- Variabel
- —
- Sumber dana
- —
- Lokasi/wilayah penelitian
- — (Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat)
- Dipublikasikan
- 05 Februari 2026
Abstrak
Perkembangan nanoteknologi telah membawa nanopartikel perak (AgNPs), dengan ukuran 1-100 nm, ke garis depan penelitian medis. AgNPs diketahui dapat menyebabkan kematian sel kanker melalui stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi pembentukan nanopartikel perak fraksi n- heksan, etil asetat dan air daun gambir (Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb.) dan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas toksisitasnya terhadap larva udang Artemia salina. Fraksinasi dilakukan menggunakan metode cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksan p.a, etil asetat p.a dan air. Proses sintesis menggunakan metode biosintesis. Karakterisasi menggunakan alat uji FTIR dan PSA, metode evaluasi dari kategori tingkat toksisitas berdasarkan nilai LC50 menggunakan metode BSLT. Identifikasi senyawa dilakukan melalui uji skrining fitokimia dan analisis LC-HRMS, yang menunjukkan keberadaan berbagai senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, triterpenoid dan steroid. Fraksi etil asetat memiliki kandungan flavonoid yang tinggi, termasuk katekin, kuersetin dan sianidanol. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat memiliki ukuran partikel terkecil (246 nm), zeta potensial tertinggi (+24 mV), PDI (0,42). Vibrasi Ag-O khas AgNPs oksida pada bilangan gelombang 432,03 dan % transmitansi 54,70 serta toksisitas tertinggi terhadap larva Artemia salina (LC50=3,309 μg/ml) dengan kategori sangat toksik, diikuti fraksi n-heksan dan fraksi air. Abstract (EN): The development of nanotechnology has brought silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), sized between 1–100 nm, to the forefront of medical research. AgNPs are known to induce cancer cell death through oxidative stress. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions of gambier leaves (Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb.) and to evaluate their toxicity activity against Artemia salina shrimp larvae. Fractionation was carried out using a liquid-liquid extraction method with n-hexane p.a., ethyl acetate p.a., and water as solvents. The synthesis process used a biosynthesis method. Characterization was conducted using FTIR and PSA instruments, while toxicity level evaluation was based on LC50 values using the BSLT method. Compound identification was performed through phytochemical screening and LC-HRMS analysis, which showed the presence of various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to contain high levels of flavonoids, including catechin, quercetin, and cyanidanol. Results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction produced the smallest particle size (246 nm), highest zeta potential (+24 mV), and a PDI of 0.42. The characteristic Ag–O vibration of oxidized AgNPs was observed at a wavenumber of 432.03 cm− 1 with 54.70% transmittance. It also exhibited the highest toxicity against Artemia salina larvae (LC50 = 3.309 μg/ml), classified as highly toxic, followed by the n-hexane and water fractions