Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Pelarut Non Polar Daun Inggu (Ruta graveolens L.) Pada Sel Kanker Payudara Mcf-7.
- Penulis
- Delvera Gusti
- Pembimbing
- Billy Harnaldo Putra
- Jenis repository
- Skripsi
- Tahun
- 2025
- Fakultas
- Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan
- Program studi
- S1 Farmasi
- Metode penelitian
- —
- Jenis metode
- —
- Variabel
- —
- Sumber dana
- —
- Lokasi/wilayah penelitian
- — (Kota Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat)
- Dipublikasikan
- 05 Februari 2026
Abstrak
Daun inggu (Ruta graveolens L.) dari famili Rutaceae mengandung senyawa aktif seperti kumarin, alkaloid, minyak atsiri, flavonoid, dan furokuinolin yang berpotensi sebagai agen antikanker alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi toksisitas dan aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak non polar daun inggu terhadap sel kanker payudara MCF-7, serta menentukan pelarut terbaik. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, kloroform, dan diklorometana. Uji toksisitas dilakukan melalui Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dengan larva Artemia salina untuk memperoleh nilai LC50, sedangkan uji sitotoksik menggunakan metode MTT terhadap sel MCF-7. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan semua ekstrak mengandung kumarin, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan steroid. Ekstrak kloroform memberikan rendemen tertinggi sebesar 24%, diikuti diklorometana 21,5%, dan n-heksan 17,5%. Nilai LC50 ekstrak kloroform sebesar 10,94 μg/mL (kategori sangat toksik), diikuti diklorometana 26,96 μg/mL dan n-heksan 27,39 μg/mL (toksik sedang). Nilai IC50 kloroform adalah 6,63 μg/mL (sitotoksik kuat), diklorometana 25,71 μg/mL, dan n-heksan 27,23 μg/mL. Dengan demikian, ekstrak kloroform menunjukkan potensi tertinggi sebagai kandidat agen antikanker. Abstract (EN): Rue leaves (Ruta graveolens L.) from the Rutaceae family contain active compounds such as coumarins, alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, and furocoumarins, which have potential as natural anticancer agents. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and cytotoxic activity of non-polar extracts of rue leaves against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and to determine the most effective solvent. Extraction was carried out using maceration with n-hexane, chloroform, and dichloromethane as solvents. Toxicity testing was conducted using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) with Artemia salina larvae to obtain LC50 values, while cytotoxicity testing was performed using the MTT method on MCF-7 cells. Phytochemical screening results showed that all extracts contained coumarins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. The chloroform extract yielded the highest percentage at 24%, followed by dichloromethane at 21.5%, and n-hexane at 17.5%. The LC50 value of the chloroform extract was 10.94 μg/mL (categorized as highly toxic), followed by dichloromethane at 26.96 μg/mL and n-hexane at 27.39 μg/mL (moderately toxic). The IC50 value of the chloroform extract was 6.63 μg/mL (strongly cytotoxic), dichloromethane 25.71 μg/mL, and n-hexane 27.23 μg/mL. Thus, the chloroform extract showed the highest potential as a candidate for an anticancer agent.