Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

Hipertensi merupakan suatu keadaan tekanan darah sistolik 140 mmHg
dan atau tekanan darah diastolik 90 mmHg. Kasus Hipertensi di Kota
Bukittinggi sebanyak 58,6 % tahun 2023 dari yang berusia 15 tahun. Tujuan
dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan Health Belief Model
terhadap perilaku kepatuhan pengobatan pada kasus hipertensi.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian mixed method dengan menggunakan
desain penelitian Sequential Explanatory. Teknis pengambilan sampel
menggunakan accidental sampling. Populasi sebanyak 2.049 dengan sampel 100
orang. Data dianalisa dengan univariat, bivariate dengan uji chis-quare dan
mutlitavriat dengan uji regresi logistic. Rancangan penelitian kualitatif adalah
deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi menggunakan metode wawancara
mendalam (indeph interview).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara persepsi
beresiko/kerentanan (p = 0.001<, OR = 7.941) dengan perilaku kepatuhan
pengobatan hipertensi. Analisis multivariate yang paling berpengaruh yaitu
persepsi beresiko/kerentanan terhadap perilaku kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi
dengan p value = 0.001, odds ratio (ExpB) 10.256. Bukittinggi telah menerapkan
sesuai dengan PMK (Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan) No. 4 Tahun 2019. Standar
Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) yang ditetapkan masih jauhnya target karena sumber
daya manusia (SDM) yang terbatas dan anggaran pelaksanaan yang masih belum
memadai.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara persepsi beresiko
/kerentanan dengan perilaku kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi. Kebijakan yang
telah diterapkan, tetapi target SPM belum tercapai dengan SDM dan dana yang
terbatas. Pemantauan pengobatan pasien hipertensi oleh fasilitas kesehatan
melalui buku monitoring hipertensi sehingga pelaksanaan promotif, preventif,
kuratif dapat berjalan optimal serta kasus hipertensi terkendali.

Hypertension is a condition of systolic blood pressure 140 mmHg and or
diastolic blood pressure 90 mmHg. Hypertension cases in Bukittinggi City were
58.6% in 2023 from aged 15 years. The purpose of this study was to determine
the application of the Health Belief Model to medication adherence behavior in
cases of hypertension.
This type of research is a mixed method research using Sequential
Explanatory research design. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling.
The population is 2,049 with a sample of 100 people. Data were analyzed using
univariate, bivariate with chis-square test and multivariate with logistic regression
test. The qualitative research design is descriptive with a phenomenological
approach using an in-depth interview method.
The results of the study showed a significant relationship between
risk/vulnerability perception (p = 0.001 <, OR = 7.941) and hypertension
medication adherence behavior. The most influential multivariate analysis was
risk/vulnerability perception on hypertension medication adherence behavior with
p value = 0.001, odds ratio (ExpB) 10.256. Bukittinggi has implemented in
accordance with PMK (Minister of Health Regulation) No. 4 of 2019. The
Minimum Service Standards (SPM) that have been set are still far from the target
due to limited human resources (HR) and the implementation budget that has not
yet been adequate.
It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the perception of
risk of vulnerability and the behavior of compliance with hypertension treatment.
Policies that have been implemented, but the SPM target has not been achieved
with limited human resources and funds. Monitoring of hypertension patient
treatment by health facilities through hypertension monitoring books so that the
implementation of promotive, preventive, curative can run optimally and
hypertension cases are controlled.