Search Repository Universitas Fort De Kock

Salah satu indikator utama keberhasilan kesehatan di suatu negara adalah Angka
Kematian Ibu (AKI). Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pasaman Barat tercatat
selama tahun 2022 terjadi kematian ibu melahirkan sebanyak 15 kasus dan angka ini
meningkat di tahun 2023 menjadi 16 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian maternal di Pasaman Barat.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian mix method, dengan desain case control.
Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret 2024 di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Populasi adalah ibu
bersalin resiko tinggi dan kasus kematian maternal yaitu 31 orang. Pengambilan sampel
adalah 1:2 dengan demikian jumlah sampel adalah 31 kasus control dan 62 kasus control
dengan total sampel 93 orang. Informan penelitian adalah kepala Bidang Kesehatan
Masyarakat, Sub Koordinator Kesehatan Keluarga, Kepala Puskesmas, Bidan
Koordinator dan keluarga pasien dengan jumlah 8 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara
wawancara dan telaah dokumen. Data diolah dan dianalisa secara komputerisasi dengan
menggunakan uji Chi Square. Analisa kualitatif dilakukan dengan proses triangulasi.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan p value 0.007 (usia), 0.028 (paritas), 0.016 (jarak
kehamilan), 0.002 (riwayat penyakit), 0.003 (riwayat persalinan) dan 0.00001
(komplikasi obstetrik). Hasil penelitian kualitatif diketahui bahwa jumlah SDM sudah
mencukupi namun masih kompetensi masih perlu ditingkatkan, masih banyak ditemukan
ibu hamil yang usia diatas 35 tahun dan memiliki anak lebih dari 3, lebih dari separuh
responden memiliki BPJS mandiri. Berdasarkan capaian pelayanan antenatal diketahui
bahwa hanya 67,1% yang kontak pertama di kehamilan kurang dari 12 minggu serta
55,2% ibu hamil mendapatkan pelayanan kehamilan 1 kali di trimester I, 2 kali di
trimester II dan 3 kali di trimester II. Tenaga Kesehatan sudah upaya preventif seperti
KIE, penyuluhan dan sweeping ibu hamil trimester I untuk untuk mencegah angka
kesakitan dan kematian maternal.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh usia,
paritas, jarak kehamilan, riwaya penyakit, riwayat persalinan dan komplikasi obstetric
dengan ibu bersalin resiko tinggi. Disarankan kepada semua bidan desa dan bidan
puskesmas dapat meningkatkan pelayanan antenatal, melaksanakan sweeping ibu hamil
dan meningkatkan capaian akseptor KB.

One of the main indicators of health success in a country is the Maternal Mortality Rate
(MMR). Data from the West Pasaman District Health Service recorded that during 2022
there were 15 maternal deaths during childbirth and this figure increased in 2023 to 16
cases. This study aims to determine the factors that influence maternal mortality in West
Pasaman.
This research is a mix method research, with a case control design. The research was
conducted in March 2024 in West Pasaman Regency. The population is high risk
mothers giving birth and there are 31 cases of maternal death. Sampling was 1:2, so the
number of samples was 31 control cases and 62 control cases with a total sample of 93
people. The research informants were the head of the Public Health Division, Family
Health Sub-Coordinator, Head of the Community Health Center, Coordinating Midwife
and the patient`s family totaling 8 people. Data was collected by means of interviews
and document review. The data was processed and analyzed computerized using the Chi
Square test. Qualitative analysis was carried out using a triangulation process.
The research results obtained p values of 0.007 (age), 0.028 (parity), 0.016 (pregnancy
interval), 0.002 (history of illness), 0.003 (history of childbirth) and 0.00001 (obstetric
complications). The results of qualitative research show that the number of human
resources is sufficient but competence still needs to be improved. There are still many
pregnant women over 35 years old and who have more than 3 children. More than half
of the respondents have independent BPJS. Based on the achievements of antenatal care,
it is known that only 67.1% had their first contact at less than 12 weeks of pregnancy
and 55.2% of pregnant women received prenatal care once in the first trimester, 2 times
in the second trimester and 3 times in the second trimester. Health workers have taken
preventive measures such as IEC, counseling and sweeping first trimester pregnant
women to prevent maternal morbidity and mortality.
Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is an influence of age,
parity, pregnancy spacing, disease history, birth history and obstetric complications with
high risk mothers giving birth. It is recommended that all village midwives and
community health center midwives improve antenatal services, carry out sweeping of
pregnant women and increase the attainment of family planning acceptors.